Staphylococcus aureus. This bacterium can withstand massive doses of UV radiation and it also has the capability to degrade certain pollutants such as petrol. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Built with Enlightenment Theme and WordPress. What are the Uses of Micrococcus Gram Stain? The differentiation is based on the detection of the oxidase enzymes. This fits well with where I sampled my bacterium from, as a shower drain is a place where both dust and water would accumulate, along with residues of skin glands from showering. The microscopic morphology of the organisms as visualized using the Grams stain can give initial clues as to the possible identification of the organism. The sequencing of Micrococcus luteus was supported because of its major potential role in the case of bioremediation and its importance in the field of biotechnology. What are the Diseases that are Caused By Micrococcus? 1. The sample was then sequenced using the Illumina MiSeq technology in UAFs DNA Core Lab. Enterococcus faecalis. Care must be taken when using a sample of organism acquired from a sBAP since erythrocytes also produce catalase. Millions of microbes live both on and in the human body and can both make help us survive or make us sick, less than 1% of bacteria cause disease (What are microbes, 2010). For the micrococci, susceptibility to the antimicrobial agents, bacitracin and furazolidone, as well as the modified oxidase test can be performed to distinguish this group from the staphylococci. Micrococci may be distinguished from staphylococci by a modified oxidase test as shown below-. Ans: Although it is a harmless saprophyte, Micrococcus luteus can act as an opportunistic pathogen. It is essential for differentiating catalase-positive Micrococcaceae from catalase-negative Streptococcaceae. In this presentation, we will discuss the fundamentals of the primary identification of those microorganisms that are members of four main families of Gram-positive cocci, the Micrococcaceae, the Staphylococcaceae, the Streptococcaceae, and the Enterococcaceae. I hypothesized that it would be a bacteria commonly found in the nasal cavities and likely from the aforementioned phyla, so it would likely do best living in an aerobic, humid, and warm environment. It is an opportunistic pathogen, only pathogenic enough to cause disease in weakened immune systems (Medical Laboratories). A number of sophisticated tools are now available for clinical diagnosis. The oxidase test was negative, as the strip did not change color at all, where it would have turned purple if it was positive. Coagulase Results: These can indicate that the genus of the Micrococcus is more closely related to the genus Arthrobacter than it is to other coccoid genera such as Staphylococcus and Planococcus. 2. The microdase test, also known as modified oxidase test is a rapid test to differentiate Staphylococcus from Micrococcus which are Gram-positive cocci possessing catalase enzymes. Micrococcus luteus has been shown to survive in oligotrophic environments for extended periods of time. Several uncommon strains produce raised colonies with translucent, depressed centers. The differentiation is based on the detection of the oxidase enzymes. The M. luteus genome encodes about four sigma factors and fourteen response regulators, a finding indicative of the adaptation to a rather strict ecological niche. With this almost universal range of survivable living conditions that microbes can live in (particularly bacteria), it would be reasonable to assume that there would be at least one variety living in such a nice, wet, and aerated place as my shower drain. Micrococcus luteus biochemical test result. Depend on Gram stain Test and Biochemical Test find four species of cellulolytic bacteria such as Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas diminuta, Micrococcus luteus and Plesiomonas shigelloides. 1995; Wieser et al. To sample, I used sterile cotton swabs and streaked them on TSA plates. An obligate aerobe, M. luteus is found in soil, dust, water and air, and as part of the normal microbiota of the mammalian skin. Colony morphology, the elucidation of the characteristics of the growth of the bacterium on agar medium, in most cases trypticase soy agar containing 5% sheep blood (sBAP). Staphylococcus spp. It has been isolated from human skin. Once the culture was deemed pure enough, I inoculated a slant tube. 900 Seventh Street, NW Suite 400 They are usually normal flora but can be opportunistic pathogens in certain immunocompromised patients. Label the slide with the name of the organism; Place 15 - 20 uL of the culture in the middle of the slide It can be easily be mistaken for staphylococci, as they are very similar morphologically and physiologically (Wikipedia, Staphlyococcus Aureus). This microbe forms large, round colonies. They are seldom motile and are non-sporing. These residential skin organisms are also fairly ubiquitous in the environment. I grew my bacteria on an Eosin Methylene Blue (EMB) plate to see if it could ferment lactose and if it could grow with methylene blue which selects for gram negative bacteria. Make a tape label writing the color dot, your name, and the name of the media. I am an associate professor in the Clinical Laboratory Science program at Wayne State University. Gram Stain:Gram-positive cocci, arranged in clusters that differ from Staphylococcus. SUMMARY: 1250 Gram-positive and catalase-positive cocci were isolated from bacon, pig and human skin and dust, and their morphology, physiology and biochemical characters examined. The staphylococci are characterized by the formation of clusters of many cocci. Micrococcus., h. Shahidi Bonjar. 1 Nevertheless they have been documented to be causative organisms in cases of bacteremia, endocarditis, ventriculitis, peritonitis, pneumonia, endophthalmitis, keratolysis and septic arthritis. 2019). The metabolic pathways required for biomass production in silico were determined based on earlier models of actinobacteria. 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Micrococcus luteus, a commonly found member of the Micrococcaceae, produces round colonies which are convex (curving outward) with smooth, entire margins. Some streptococci also possess unique cell wall carbohydrate antigens that can be identified by reactivity with specific indicator antibodies in an agglutination assay (Lancefield typing). I kept the plate at room temperature for 7 days, and then selected a colony to purify using the pure culture streak plate method. "Pathogen Safety Data Sheets: Infectious Substances Micrococcus spp", "Genome sequence of the Fleming strain of Micrococcus luteus, a simple free-living actinobacterium", "Role of GC-biased mutation pressure on synonymous codon choice in Micrococcus luteus, a bacterium with a high genomic GC-content", "Reclassification of ATCC 9341 from Microccus luteus to Kocuria rhizophila", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Micrococcus_luteus&oldid=1132534318, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2023, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 9 January 2023, at 09:24. luteus is rarely found to be responsible for infections. Micrococcus species occur in a wide range of environments, including dust, water, and soil. The data on the GC content of the DNA, chemical cell wall analysis, and a comparative analysis of the 16S rRNA sequences. AACC uses cookies to ensure the best website experience. 91 988-660-2456 (Mon-Sun: 9am - 11pm IST), Want to read offline? The API 20 E test strip results revealed nothing about what the isolate uses as an electron acceptor because every result was negative, and that it likely only uses glucose as an energy and carbon source and oxygen as its electron acceptor. With the advent of newer molecular techniques, genus and species confirmation is even faster and easier. [3] (2019, March 14). Know more about our courses. Organisms commonly found on the body include Micrococcus, Staphylococcus, and Corynebacterium species (Dermnet New Zeland). Micrococcus varians Micrococcus luteus Staphylococcus saprophyticus Staphylococcus epidermidis Streptococcus pneumoniae Streptococcus mitis I think that this culture was mostly Micrococcus luteus based on the Kaiju and metagenome binning results. Table 1: Graph from Korona showing the percent reads of each organism, and to which taxonomic level. Finally, when looking at the API 20E strip none of the results returned positive despite the culture being active and fresh from being streaked recently. Many of the tests did line up with M. luteus though, such as the fluid thyoglycate test, which showed that it was an obligate aerobe. The microbiome of the nasal cavity can also change in response to environmental factors such as geographic location, and hygiene (Rawis et al. Micrococcus luteus is a constituent of the normal human buccal bacterial flora which forms yellowish colonies and appears as a gram-positive coccus typically arranged in tetrads. In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. It is Gram positive, Coagulase positive, catalase and oxidase positive non-motile bacteria.