The taped interviews were transcribed verbatim into Microsoft word. We successively detail the beliefs concerning fertility, pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum, specifying the cultural beliefs from other cultures interacting with medical recommendations. This study employed both narrative and phenomenology study designs. Disclaimer. Terada S, Doi S, Tani Y, Maeda Y, Isumi A, Sugawara J, Maeda K, Satoh S, Mitsuda N, Fujiwara T. Front Psychiatry. To explore Korean beliefs and attitudes towards pregnancy, birth and postpartum practices: . Each of the FGDs lasted between 45 and 60minutes while each the IDIs lasted for an average of 30minutes. Eating soup with nails of pig: thematic synthesis of the qualitative literature on cultural practices and beliefs influencing perinatal nutrition in low and middle income countries. The beliefs and practices during puerperium were further divided into those that are related to care of the baby and those related to the mother. The codebook defined the various codes used during coding, their definition, when to use and when not to use such a code and examples of statements that should be considered for coding into particular codes. This was done to get a better understanding of the socio-cultural beliefs and practices among pregnant women in the community. The study found that some mothers prefer to give birth at facilities of traditional birth attendants. 1845 N. Soto St.Los Angeles, CA 90032USA(323) 442-7233global.health@usc.edu, 2023 USC Institute on Inequalities in Global Health, Traditional beliefs and practices in pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum: A review of the evidence from Asian countries, SDG Leadership Academy Fellowship Program: Global to Local, The Health and Human Rights Oral History Project, Program on Global Health and Human Rights, Rights-Oriented Research and Education for Sexual and Reproductive Health. A woman's cultural background can affect her needs and expectations during pregnancy and childbirth, as well as how she and her family raise children. Community-based management of neonatal conditions using trained village health workers has been shown to be effective in reducing neonatal mortality (Bhutta et al., Citation2005). Children of foreign nationals born in Japan are granted permission to stay for 60 days without any status of residence. Most Japanese women aim to deliver their baby sans painkillers, an ancient belief that stems from the Buddhist belief that labor pains must be endured as a test to prepare for the difficulties of motherhood. Additionally, men and women, as patients and doctors, tend to have different communication styles. Traditionally, doctors are scientific and data-driven. Each group consisted of between 8 and 10 individuals and the participants sat in a horse-shoe fashion with the moderator and rapporteur sitting in the middle. All interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Many women giving birth in Australia believe it's important to follow the traditional pregnancy and birth practices of their culture. The questionnaire is available at immigration. they said if we eat ripe plantain, when you are in labour you push and push but the baby will not come (Woman with child under five, FGD). Pregnancy, child birth, and care are cherished moments in most communities in Ghana. At the ceremony the parents take turns feeding the baby, wishing he/she will have abundance of food throughout his/her life. Skip to Site Navigation Find a Location, Appointment Sorry, but your browser needs Javascript to use this site. If you're not sure how to activate it, please refer to this site. To provide financial support to families, Japan offers maternity vouchers (, ninsanpu-hoken-hiy-hojoken) to expecting mothers. Nakayama, N. 1996. Fifth, the socio-emotional . Instead of reducing the choices available to women during the birth experience, providers should understand, respect, and integrate cultural interpretations of childbirth and the needs of women and their families. You need to submit an application for child benefit payments (, nintei-seikysho) within 15 days from the day after birth. They do not accommodate regular checkups. Epub 2013 Jul 8. If individuals have a sense of personal agency or self-efficacy, they can change behaviours even when faced with obstacles. The reason for thinking about these totals is to consider the many different cultural beliefs and practices that coexist in the United States, and thus the many different views that can come together in a family, particularly at the time of pregnancy. Certain cultural beliefs and attitudes, including social support for pregnancy and motherhood; and behavior before, during and after pregnancy, have been used to account for healthy birth outcomes and low rates of infant mortality and morbidity, particularly among recent immigrants. This is on the basis of the social context network model where individuals integrate contextual information during social processes (Ibanez & Manes, Citation2012). This might mean more dedicated and personalized care, better food, a private room, or the benefit that the doctor with you for the regular check-ups should also be present at the birth. and ripe plantain too, that one when you eat it, it makes you defecate frequently. There is therefore the need for healthcare providers to highlight these socio-cultural practices during health education and also design interventions targeted at reaching those who may be confined at home. Like any country, expecting mothers should have hospital bag prepared as their due date approaches. When I take all the folic acid given to me at the hospital I give birth to a big baby so this time around I took only half of the medicine because when the babies are big they suffer in coming out during delivery (Postnatal woman, FGD). In other words, it acknowledges the social origins of much of human thought and action (what individuals learn by being part of a society), whereas the cognitive portion recognises the influential contribution of thought processes to human motivation, attitudes, and action (Bandura, Citation1999). While Japanese people represent a significant and growing cultural group within the United States, little is known about the culture-specific needs of Japanese women who experience pregnancy and childbirth in this country. With the vouchers, the cost of these check-ups roughly breaks down as follows but costs vary depending on the hospital or clinic, as well as the medical diagnosis. The participants included community members, pregnant women, and women with children under five years. All told, you should expect the checkups to cost about 100,000 ($736) in total (after the discount vouchers). Originally created for low-income families to give all babies an equal start in life, Finlands freebie package became available to all moms in 1949. Secondly, because each pregnancy requires a different level of care there cannot be a fixed fee. The growing recognition of the critical importance of providing care to mothers and newborns and the substantial coverage gaps have prompted a paradigm shift in responding to maternal and newborn health issues. However, there are some things that remain taboo in certain parts of the world. Effective, culturally competent communication between doctors and patients is essential in pregnancy care. Japanese women are advised to have prenatal visits every 4 weeks through 23 weeks gestation, every 2 weeks from 24 to 35 weeks, and every week after 36 weeks, for a total of 14 prenatal visit for a low to medium risk pregnancy. Levels and Determinants of Antenatal Breastfeeding Attitudes among Pregnant Women: A Cross-Sectional Study. During labour, we also give it the delivery is delaying. Analyses of data occurred concurrently with data collection with the hope of ending the study at the point of saturation, where new data collected no longer brought additional insights. The herbs are administered to the woman when they are about 5 months into their pregnancy. Maternity homes generally provide a more homely environment for natural births, and are typically cheaper than general and private hospitals. In the hospital they make you lie down and raise your leg. As at 2015, the risk of a woman in a developing country dying from a maternal-related cause during her lifetime was about 33 times higher compared to a woman living in a developed country (Alkema et al., Citation2016). It looks like you're using an ad blocker. The Dutch embrace natural childbirth, and their medical system reflects thatmost expectant moms see a midwife and only visit an ob-gyn for high-risk pregnancies or complications. Their findings, published in the journal Midwifery, found many Asian women continue to practice a wide range of traditional beliefs and practices during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period. After the birth, mom and baby are carefully shielded from sunlight, even inside the house, where a canopy is hung over the bed. phone chargers, books, magazines, etc. 2016 Aug;39:87-97. doi: 10.1016/j.midw.2016.05.005. Once your pregnancy is confirmed, the first thing you should do is go to your city office to collect your Maternity and Children Health Handbook, as described above. Culture plays a major role in the way a woman perceives and prepares for her birthing experience. Even non-pregnant, we are advised to watch our fish intake because of the high mercury levels found in fish. When it comes to having babies, every culture has its own special customs. The common causes of neonatal mortality include complications of prematurity, infections, and adverse intrapartum events including birth asphyxia and over 60% of the deaths are associated with low birth weight (Debes et al., Citation2013). Essential health services such as monitoring the growth of the baby in utero, giving tetanus injection and the administering of Suphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) to help reduce malaria during pregnancy are provided during ANC. That works only when someone wants to be treated the same way as you. In all, 94 individuals participated in the study. An official website of the United States government. Registered in England & Wales No. Would you like email updates of new search results? Firstly, because being pregnant is not considered an illness or injury to oneselfthe typical remit of health insurance. Birth Notification Certificate of Acceptance (. Men are household leaders in various cultures, and some Ob/Gyn patients defer to their partner for medical decisions. When they finally do, it symbolizes their crossing over to our earthly realm. In Bangladesh, an earlier study reported that confinement of the mother and baby was observed until noai ceremony on day 7 or 9 to protect the baby against any evil (Winch et al., Citation2005). For example, a pregnant woman quoted: Some jealous people can bewitch and kill your baby. In some respects, the Japanese health and social support system can be a little confusing when it comes to pregnancy. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. One must therefore protect herself against unplanned pregnancy. for that one it is like a satanic illness, instead of the baby growing big after forty days, the baby will be growing small, soft body with Asram and the fontanelle is not closing up so when you are pregnant you must see those who have these medicines, they will give you herbs to drink and also use to prepare soup so even if someone wants to harm your baby after delivery it wont work (Woman with child under five, FGD). Additionally, twentytwo (22) IDIs were conducted among key people in the community such as community health officers, midwives, opinion leaders, traditional birth attendants, and traditional medical practitioners. Select your child's age in months to begin tracking their development. There was, however, no consensus on the strategies used to prevent unplanned pregnancy. For example, the belief was that women developed internal wounds after delivery. To learn more see our FAQ. Beliefs and practices regarding delivery and postpartum maternal morbidity in rural Bangladesh. This was done to get a better understanding of the socio-cultural beliefs and practices among pregnant women in the community. Especially in pregnancy care, there are cultural nuances to many aspects of communication, from religious and family dynamics to guidelines around personal space and privacy. This first washing symbolizes that the mother isnt alone is raising her child, and that the community will always be there to help her. Participants mentioned some local herbs that are either ingested or used as enema in preparation towards childbirth. You expose the baby to the sun and it will disappear. Chen M, Makama M, Skouteris H, Moran LJ, Harrison CL, Choi T, Lim S. Nutrients. Another reason cited was the belief that babies get thirsty with time and therefore, there was the need to provide them with water. Careers. This is illustrated in the quote: We prefer to give birth in squatting position because it makes it easy for the baby to come out. I put hot water compresses on the fontanelle because it is soft and so when I do that it helps to make it strong and also close the gap in the fontanelle. However, in higher risk cases such as where the mother is pregnant with twins or is older, the private hospital may advise delivery at a general hospital. Cultural beliefs can influence women's use of formal maternal health care services. Invariably, the health care that a mother receives during pregnancy, at the time of delivery, and soon after delivery is important for the survival and well-being of both the mother and her child. We conducted a literature search of articles: a) focusing on Asia; b) relating to pregnancy, childbirth or postpartum, c) relating to traditional beliefs and/or cultural practices; and 4) published in English in the year 2000 or more recently. Cultural competence goes far beyond the Golden Rule treat people as you would prefer to be treated. 2.6. The ANC schedule is programmed such that a pregnant woman will have to make monthly visits during the first 7 months. These maternity vouchers are essentially discount vouchers which can be used at the hospitals and clinics to reduce the cost of the regular check-ups during pregnancy.